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Biomechanical Properties of Orthopedic and Dental Implants: A Comprehensive Review

Biomechanical Properties of Orthopedic and Dental Implants: A Comprehensive Review
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Author(s): Manjeet Kumar (Panjab University, India), Rajesh Kumar (Panjab University, India), Sandeep Kumar (Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, India)and Chander Prakash (Lovely Professional University, India)
Copyright: 2019
Pages: 13
Source title: Handbook of Research on Green Engineering Techniques for Modern Manufacturing
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): M. Uthayakumar (Kalasalingam University, India), S. Aravind Raj (Vellore Institute of Technology, India), Tae Jo Ko (Yeungnam University, South Korea), S. Thirumalai Kumaran (Kalasalingam University, India)and J. Paulo Davim (University of Aveiro, Portugal)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-5445-5.ch001

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Abstract

The demand for the orthopedic and dental implants has increased sharply in last decade due to physical traumas and age-related deficiencies. The material used for orthopedic and dental implants should be biocompatible to ensure the adaptability of the implant in the human body. The mechanical stability of implants is dependent on mechanical properties and surface characteristics essential to ensure corrosion and wear resistance. The requirement of mechanical properties also differs substantially from load-bearing to non-load-bearing implants. There are many problems arising due to lack of sufficient biocompatibility, like infection, poor osseointegration, and excessive foreign body response. Fatigue failure, stress shielding, and bone resorption are some major problems associated with lack of mechanical stability. Numerous conventional materials, coatings, and nanomaterials have been used to enhance the implant stability.

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