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Interfacial Interactions: Drag
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Author(s): Wei Ge (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China), Ning Yang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China), Wei Wang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)and Jinghai Li (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
Copyright: 2011
Pages: 50
Source title:
Computational Gas-Solids Flows and Reacting Systems: Theory, Methods and Practice
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Sreekanth Pannala (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA), Madhava Syamlal (National Energy Technology Laboratory, USA)and Thomas J. O'Brien (National Energy Technology Laboratory, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-651-3.ch004
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Abstract
The drag interaction between gas and solids not only acts as a driving force for solids in gas-solids flows but also plays as a major role in the dissipation of the energy due to drag losses. This leads to enormous complexities as these drag terms are highly non-linear and multiscale in nature because of the variations in solids spatio-temporal distribution. This chapter provides an overview of this important aspect of the hydrodynamic interactions between the gas and solids and the role of spatio-temporal heterogeneities on the quantification of this drag force. In particular, a model is presented which introduces a mesoscale description into two-fluid models for gas-solids flows. This description is formulated in terms of the stability of gas-solids suspension. The stability condition is, in turn, posed as a minimization problem where the competing factors are the energy consumption required to suspend and transport the solids and their gravitational potential energy. However, the lack of scale-separation leads to many uncertainties in quantifying mesoscale structures. The authors have incorporated this model into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations which have shown improvements over traditional drag models. Fully resolved simulations, such as those mentioned in this chapter and the subject of a later chapter on Immersed Boundary Methods, can be used to obtain additional information about these mesoscale structures. This can be used to formulate better constitutive equations for continuum models.
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