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Reply Speed as Nonverbal Cue in Text Messaging with a Read Receipt Display Function: Effects of Messaging Dependency on Times until Negative Emotions Occur While Waiting for a Reply
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Author(s): Shogo Kato (Tokyo Woman's Christian University, Tokyo, Japan), Yuuki Kato (Sagami Women's University, Sagamihara, Japan)and Yasuyuki Ozawa (Meisei University, Hino, Japan)
Copyright: 2020
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 18
Source title:
International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction (IJTHI)
Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anabela Mesquita (ISCAP/IPP and Algoritmi Centre, University of Minho, Portugal)and Chia-Wen Tsai (Ming Chuan University, Taiwan)
DOI: 10.4018/IJTHI.2020010103
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Abstract
In text messaging via mobile devices, many users face pressure to rapidly exchange messages. This study investigates reply speeds in smartphone messaging, focusing on messaging with a read receipt function, which notifies the sender of whether the recipient has read a sent message. Using a questionnaire targeting 213 female college students in Japan, we investigate the time until negative emotions (sadness, anxiety, anger and guilt) which occur while waiting for a reply. The authors also address factors of messaging dependency, and find that negative emotions arise in significantly less time when waiting for a reply to a read message than an unread one. Further, most negative emotions occur significantly earlier in high-dependency groups than in low-dependency groups when waiting for a reply in either status. These effects differed in part depending on the type of emotion and recipient. The authors discuss these findings in the context of reply speed as a nonverbal cue.
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