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Executive Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease
Abstract
Executive dysfunction (ExD) constitutes a core feature of the cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). ExD in non-demented PD was evaluated using the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS), which provided for the first time a broad assessment of ExD in PD patients. ExD in non-demented PD patients are predisposed to a greater severity of PD, particularly in impairments in activities of daily living. Patients with non-demented PD exhibited a wide range of ExD symptoms. All components of ExD were correlated with severity of PD, but correlation patterns differed across components. The first quantitative EEG evaluation of the differences between PD with and without ExD was also described. PD with ExD exhibited an increase in slow wave activity and a decrease in alpha and fast wave activities in frontal pole and frontal locations. These findings suggest that the ExD in PD is caused by frontal dysfunction.
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