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Factors Contributing to the Success of Women Working in Science, Engineering and Technology (SET) Careers
Abstract
Women’s under-representation in Science, Engineering and Technology (SET) careers is a problem in South Africa. This chapter discusses structural and individual barriers responsible for the under- representation of women in SET. Self-efficacy as a requirement for success in SET is discussed. The results are illustrated with a report on a study done with a sample of 29 women in successful SET careers. These women experienced some form of gender discrimination at some stages of their development from school to career. They also struggle with family and work balance and similar issues. However, the sample ascribed their success or the fact that they stay in a SET career mostly to personal characteristics and strong self-efficacy beliefs. Aspects such as a drive for achievement, strong goal orientation, passion for their work, determination and perseverance were identified. Strong self-efficacy beliefs which can be associated with resilience and cognitive hardiness came to the fore. These women believe that they can achieve their goals and they do to a large extent.
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