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Monitoring Brain Development in Preterm Infants: The Value of Automated Analysis of the Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Abstract
As neurocognitive deficits a still common in preterm infants and the exact etiology of these problems is not elucidated, investigation of preterm brain development is warranted. Electroencephalography (EEG) can provide important information about brain development, although it is hard and time consuming to interpret for neonatologists. Automated EEG analysis can overcome these problems, making brain monitoring more feasible in the neonatal intensive care unit. This chapter discusses different aspects of EEG maturation which are suitable for automated analysis: 1. changes in continuity and 2. changes in frequency. The most important pitfalls for automated EEG analysis are the complex validation process, the lack of a good gold standard, and EEG artifacts. However, when these limitations are addressed, automated EEG analysis can be the cornerstone for a brain monitor, which helps in evaluating premature brain development, in identifying factors which endanger or interfere with normal brain development and in evaluating neuroprotective strategies.
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