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Perception, Trust, and Accountability Affecting Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence: From Research to Clinician Viewpoint

Perception, Trust, and Accountability Affecting Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence: From Research to Clinician Viewpoint
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Author(s): Avishek Choudhury (West Virginia University, USA), Mostaan Lotfalian Saremi (Stevens Institute of Technology, USA)and Estfania Urena (Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, USA)
Copyright: 2023
Pages: 20
Source title: Diverse Perspectives and State-of-the-Art Approaches to the Utilization of Data-Driven Clinical Decision Support Systems
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Thomas M. Connolly (DS Partnership, UK), Petros Papadopoulos (University of Strathclyde, UK)and Mario Soflano (Glasgow Caledonian University, UK)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5092-5.ch005

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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is intended to help clinicians exercise their professional judgment in making appropriate decisions for a given patient. Recently, research has exhibited the phenomenal performance of AI in healthcare, portraying the technology as an effective and efficient assistant. However, the acceptance and use of AI in healthcare are very limited. It is essential to understand that the overall skepticism against AI arises due to multiple factors and should be addressed as a systems problem. This chapter focuses on three major determinants of AI acceptance in healthcare: clinicians' perception, trust, and accountability. According to this chapter, moving forward, research should view AI as a socio-technical system and emphasize its ecological validity. Researchers should consider users' needs, capabilities, and interactions with other work system elements to ensure AI's positive impact in transforming healthcare.

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