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Polymers in Water Purification
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Author(s): Nitai Charan Giri (Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, India), Sushanta Kumar Samal (Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, India)and Bhanja Prasad Patro (Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, India)
Copyright: 2022
Pages: 43
Source title:
Handbook of Research on Water Sciences and Society
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Ashok Vaseashta (International Clean Water Institute, USA & Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania & Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Moldova), Gheorghe Duca (Institute of Chemistry, Moldova State University, Moldova & Academy of Science of Moldova and Romanian Academy, Romania.)and Sergey Travin (Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics and N. N. Semenov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7356-3.ch008
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Abstract
Polymers play an important role in water purification due to advantages such as the enhanced capacity of the treatment plant, the lowering of sludge production compared to inorganic coagulants, etc. The formation of clay/polymer complex during the coagulation-flocculation process facilitates the removal of toxic pollutants from water. Although polymers have been utilized in the coagulation-flocculation processes, there is not much information about the relationship between polymer structure and treatment performance. The use of polymers as membranes is mainly due to their flexibility, ease of handling, and cost-effectiveness compared to inorganic membranes. However, they also have some disadvantages, such as chemical attacks, membrane fouling, etc. Therefore, recent studies have focused on improving chemical resistance, antifouling properties, etc. through blending and surface modification. This chapter will review the applications of various polymers in water purification, the deficiencies of current membranes, and possible ways of improving them with novel polymer chemistry.
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