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The Use of Microorganism-Derived Enzymes for Bioremediation of Soil Pollutants
Abstract
Contamination of soils by xenobiotic compounds is a growing concern for environmentalists amidst the rise of anthropogenic activities that encourage such contamination practices. The use of microbial enzymes is a viable alternative to degrade and mineralize these contaminants, which is a growing research interest owing to its eco-friendly nature. This chapter explores the categories of enzymes used in soil bioremediation such as oxidoreductases and hydrolases, their mechanism of action, and their merits and demerits. Furthermore, molecular biology techniques useful in enhancing the production capacity, stability, activity, and shelf life of bioremediation enzymes is discussed. Ultimately, the need to develop bioremediation enzymes in bulk, using cheap technologies while optimising their activity, stability, and shelf life for effective soil decontamination is emphasized.
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