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Dementia and Other Neurocognitive Disorders: An Overview
Abstract
This chapter presents a foundational overview of dementia, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia. The authors start with an overview of mild cognitive impairment, which is often a dementia precursor, looking at symptoms and diagnostic criteria. AD is reviewed in depth, from the perspective of 2011 diagnostic guideline revisions that, for the first time, outline stages of the illness and also incorporate biomarkers to clarify diagnosis and track disease progression. Recent advances from the use of CSF tests, structural and functional imaging, and genetics are discussed. These advancements pose ethical challenges for patients and caregivers. Treatment options, including non-pharmacological strategies and medications, are reviewed.
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