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Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the Environment: The Asian Perspective
Abstract
Mother Nature has suffered through many industrial revolutions. Ecology suffered after the first industrial revolution. Industrial revolutions quadrupled CO2. Industrial Revolution 4.0 follows the Stockholm Conference in 1972 and Brundtland's report “Our Common Future” (1983-1987) on sustainable development. The emerging and less developed countries are condemned for their carbon footprint and CO2 emissions from manufacturing and consumption. According to the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, developed countries advise developing nations to follow their development path to reduce carbon emissions. Industrial Revolution 4.0 replaced the Fordist style of production with information-based production. In this context, is digitization pro-environment? Regrettably, this has not been empirically studied. This chapter examines the environmental effects of digitalization and Industrial Revolution 4.0. The chapter will examine the link between the environment, digitalization, and Industrial Revolution 4.0 using empirical validation and descriptive analysis.
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