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Parkinson's Disease Involving Glial Cell Dysfunction
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Author(s): Mjid Oukhrib (Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco), Lahcen Tamegart (Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Morocco), Hafida El Ghachi (Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco), Asmaa Haj-khlifa (Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco), Youssef Ait Hamdan (University of Rennes, France & Higher Normal School, Morocco), Abdelali Ben Maloui (Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco), Halima Gamrani (Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco)and Mohamed Chraa (Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco)
Copyright: 2024
Pages: 25
Source title:
Physiology and Function of Glial Cells in Health and Disease
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Bilal El-Mansoury (Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco), Omar El Hiba (Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco)and Arumugam Radhakrishnan Jayakumar (University of Miami, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-9675-6.ch009
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Abstract
It is well known that the decline in the viability of dopamine neurons slowly leads to the appearance of various symptoms characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD). These symptoms depend mainly on dysfunction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation. The cause of neuronal death has not yet been elucidated, although there are several hypotheses suggesting different factors that may trigger it. One possible mechanism of neurodegeneration is the establishment of chronic inflammation in the central nervous system, where glial cells are key regulators of inflammatory responses. They also play a phagocytic role, engulfing synapses, apoptotic cells, cellular debris and released toxic proteins. An imbalance in the activation of these cells can lead to an overproduction of cytotoxic factors, which contribute to the death of dopamine neurons. As PD involves not only the loss of dopamine neurons, but also the dysfunction of glial cells, whose loss or excessive activation can contribute to neuronal death, there is a need to better understand the role of these cells in PD in order to develop effective therapies.
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