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Xerostomia
Abstract
Xerostomia is most commonly observed in patients treated with certain medications, those subjected to radiotherapy of the head and neck, or in individuals with Sjogren's syndrome. Although it mostly affects geriatric patients, xerostomia can be also observed in young individuals. This condition not only results from the physiological process of aging but is also associated with the number and type of medications administered in the treatment of various systemic conditions. Xerostomia is also a common manifestation in menopausal women due to estrogen deficiency. If it remains untreated, xerostomia can lead to nutritional deficiencies, decreased mood, and finally, depression. Treatment is long-term and requires a high level of patient motivation. Although no standard treatment guidelines are available, many treatment options exist: topical agents to alleviate and/or prevent xerostomia, systemic therapy, or newer devices. While systemic agents (pilocarpine or cevimeline) have been largely studied, new medical devices require large well-designed clinical trials.
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